What is the difference between one chromosome pair that is Monosomic and another chromosome pair that is trisomic?

What is the difference between one chromosome pair that is Monosomic and another chromosome pair that is trisomic?

Monosomy (the lack of one member of a chromosome pair) and trisomy (a triplet instead of the normal chromosome pair) are typically the result of nondisjunction during meiosis. When this happens, one gamete shows monosomy, and the other shows trisomy of the same chromosome.

What is a Monosomic condition?

Monosomy is the state of having a single copy of a chromosome pair instead of the usual two copies found in diploid cells. Monosomy can be partial if a portion of the second chromosome copy is present. Monosomy, or partial monosomy, is the cause of some human diseases such as Turner syndrome and Cri du Chat syndrome.

What is a trisomy in a karyotype?

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. A trisomy is a chromosomal condition characterised by an additional chromosome. A person with a trisomy has 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Down syndrome, Edward syndrome and Patau syndrome are the most common forms of trisomy.

What is an example of a Monosomic disorder?

Examples of monosomy in humans are Turner syndrome (usually with one X chromosome only and the other is missing), cri du chat syndrome (where the end of the short p arm of chromosome 5 is missing), and 1p36 deletion syndrome (where the end of the short p arm of chromosome 1 is missing).

Is Triploidy compatible with life?

The human genome has 46 chromosomes or two sets of 23. With triploidy, the fetus has a third set. Both triploidy and trisomy result in abnormalities that can be severe, but triploidy is not compatible with life whereas with some types of trisomy, like Down syndrome, the baby can live a long and healthy life.

Which chromosome is affected in Klinefelter syndrome?

But in Klinefelter syndrome, a boy is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome (XXY). The X chromosome is not a “female” chromosome and is present in everyone. The presence of a Y chromosome denotes male sex.

How many chromosomes does a trisomy or monosomy have?

A trisomy and a monosomy are types of numerical chromosome abnormalities that can cause certain birth defects. Normally, people are born with 23 chromosome pairs, or 46 chromosomes, in each cell — one inherited from the mother and one from the father. A numerical chromosome abnormality can cause each cell to have 45 or 47 chromosomes in each cell.

What does the word monosomic mean in biology?

The word monosomic refers ‘one chromosome’. The term monosomy is used to explain the aneuploid condition which lacks one member of a homologous chromosome pair. Due to this condition, resulting cells will contain only 45 chromosomes instead of the usual 46 chromosomes. Cells show 2n-1 chromosomes in each cell of the body.

What’s the difference between karyotype and partial monosomy?

A karyotype with Turner syndrome is shown in figure 1. Cri du chat syndrome occurs as a partial monosomy caused by the deletion of the end of the short arm of chromosome 5. The 1p36 deletion syndrome is another type of partial monosomy caused by the deletion of the end part of the chromosome 1 short arm.

What is the difference between monosomy and Turner syndrome?

Thus, monosomy defines the state of missing chromosome. Typically, monosomy is lethal, causing spontaneous abortions or leading to severe developmental abnormalities. The monosomy of the sex chromosomes in humans leads to Turner syndrome or monosomy X (45, X) in humans. Most human conceptions with monosomy X may abort in early pregnancy.