What is appendicitis Medscape?
What is appendicitis Medscape?
Appendicitis is defined as an inflammation of the inner lining of the vermiform appendix that spreads to its other parts. Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advancement in medicine, appendicitis remains a clinical emergency and is one of the more common causes of acute abdominal pain.
What are the parts of appendix?
The appendix is contained within the visceral peritoneum that forms the serosa, and its exterior layer is longitudinal and derived from the taenia coli; the deeper, interior muscle layer is circular. Beneath these layers lies the submucosal layer, which contains lymphoepithelial tissue.
How do I know if I have appendix pain?
Imaging tests. Your doctor may also recommend an abdominal X-ray, an abdominal ultrasound, computerized tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to help confirm appendicitis or find other causes for your pain.
Where is the location of the appendix in the abdomen?
Location of Appendix: Right lower quadrant of abdomen and more specifically right iliac fossa. McBurney’s point lying at the junction of lateral one-third and the medial two-thirds of the line joining the umbilicus to the right anterior superior iliac spine roughly corresponds to the position of the base of the appendix.
Where is P-glycoprotein found in the human body?
P-glycoprotein. P-gp is extensively distributed and expressed in the intestinal epithelium where it pumps xenobiotics (such as toxins or drugs) back into the intestinal lumen, in liver cells where it pumps them into bile ducts, in the cells of the proximal tubule of the kidney where it pumps them into urinary filtrate…
How does increased intestinal expression of P-glycoprotein affect absorption?
Increased intestinal expression of P-glycoprotein can reduce the absorption of drugs that are substrates for P-glycoprotein. Thus, there is a reduced bioavailability, and therapeutic plasma concentrations are not attained.
Is the P-glycoprotein an ABC transporter?
P-gp is a well-characterized ABC-transporter (which transports a wide variety of substrates across extra- and intracellular membranes) of the MDR / TAP subfamily. The normal excretion of xenobiotics back into the gut lumen by P-gp pharmacokinetically reduces the efficacy of some pharmaceutical drugs (which are said to be P-gp substrates ).