How is vitamin K related to bone metabolism?

How is vitamin K related to bone metabolism?

Vitamin K promotes bone formation by stimulating the osteoblast differentiation, increasing the level of some bone formation markers (e.g., alkaline phosphatase and insulin-like growth factor [10]), and regulating the extracellular matrix mineralization through Y-glutamyl carboxylation [11].

What fermented foods have vitamin K2?

Vitamin K2 is mainly present in fermented food such as cheese and natto (fermented soybeans), but gut microbiota are also able to synthesize vitamin K2 [4]. One exception, menaquinone-4 (MK-4), is formed in humans and animals by tissue-specific conversion of PK and/or menadione [5].

What are benefits of vitamin K?

Vitamin K helps to make various proteins that are needed for blood clotting and the building of bones. Prothrombin is a vitamin K-dependent protein directly involved with blood clotting. Osteocalcin is another protein that requires vitamin K to produce healthy bone tissue.

What happens due to deficiency of vitamin K?

Vitamin K deficiency bleeding or VKDB, occurs when babies cannot stop bleeding because their blood does not have enough Vitamin K to form a clot. The bleeding can occur anywhere on the inside or outside of the body.

Can you overdose on vit K?

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble nutrient that’s important for blood clotting, healthy bones and other bodily functions. It’s rare that you’ll overdose on vitamin K by eating things like broccoli. But in supplement form, it can induce blood clots, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes, if you take too much.

Does vitamin K2 thicken your blood?

One study showed that a single serving of natto rich in vitamin K2 altered measures of blood clotting for up to four days. This was a much larger effect than foods high in vitamin K1 ( 10 ).

What are the benefits of vitamin K1 and K2?

Both vitamin K1 and K2 are important for maintaining your overall health. Below are a few of the best-known health benefits of both forms of vitamin K. This may be the most well-known role of vitamin K in your body. Remember, vitamin K was named after the German word “koagulation.”

How does vitamin K affect bone mineral density?

Osteoporosis. Some research indicates that high serum levels of undercarboxylated osteocalcin are associated with lower bone mineral density [ 5, 30 ]. Some, but not all, studies also link higher vitamin K intakes with higher bone mineral density and/or lower hip fracture incidence [ 31-36 ].

Are there any studies on vitamin K supplements?

A few studies have found that taking vitamin K supplements improves bone strength and the chances of breaking a bone, but other studies have not. More research is needed to better understand if vitamin K supplements can help improve bone health and reduce osteoporosis risk.

Where does vitamin K go in the body?

Vitamin K is primarily involved in blood clotting, bone metabolism, and building proteins. It does its work in your liver and other tissues, including your brain, pancreas, and heart, as well as your skeletal system.